Jon Rafman
While the Five Eyes are privy to the information collected by the Nine Eyes, Fourteen Eyes, and the partners, not all the information collected by the Five Eyes is available to the others. The same is true of the Nine Eyes. The partners, while they do share information they collect with the other alliances, do not have any access to the information collected by the alliances on alliance countries.
What You Should Know About the 5 Eyes, 9 Eyes, and 14 Eyes Alliances
The 5, 9, and 14 Eyes countries are likely surveying your internet activity, but a VPN from a non-alliance country could save your privacy.
Mary James , Author
Catherine McNally , Editor
Last updated Aug 28, 2023
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The Five Eyes Alliance (FVEY) may be the largest intelligence alliance you’ve never heard of before today. The mass surveillance and data interception by the Five Eyes nations are touted as intelligence services for national security but seem to have more of the hallmark traits of global surveillance.
This anglosphere of surveillance feels unheard of given the prevalence of information in the media about the Russian and Chinese intelligence community. China, Russia, India, and to lesser extents Japan and India all have their own intelligence communities outside of these alliances.
Whether you live in a Five Eyes, Nine Eyes, or Fourteen Eyes country or not, here’s what you should know about the alliances and how to protect your online privacy by using tools like VPNs.
In this article
What are the 5 Eyes, 9 Eyes, and 14 Eyes alliances?
The Five, Nine, and Fourteen Eyes alliances are groupings of countries that have entered into intelligence sharing agreements. The original group, the Five Eyes, was formed after World War II in an effort to share intelligence in the interest of national security.
After WWII, the UKUSA agreement was signed between what would become the (National Security Agency (NSA) and Britain’s Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ). As it grew, eventually ramping up during the Cold War, British and U.S. intelligence agencies banded together to share signals intelligence.
Signals intelligence, defined by the NSA as “intelligence derived from electronic signals and systems used by foreign targets,” has only become more sophisticated as technology has advanced.
In recent years, the alliances came under scrutiny due to their impact on data privacy and the use of virtual private networks (VPNs).
As countries become more literate in online activity, they want to have access to the information provided by this type of surveillance — and it’s become evident that more and more data is being collected from everyday citizens. These intelligence-sharing arrangements can run the gambit between simple spying all the way to human rights violations.
Officially, each group consists of the countries listed below, but there are more countries that are allies of the 14 and may also be involved in the sharing of information. This means that software made in those countries may not technically share your information, but it’s still a possibility.
The countries involved in the 5 Eyes, 9 Eyes, and 14 Eyes alliances and their partners
- Five Eyes countries: United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand
- Nine Eyes countries: The Five Eyes plus Netherlands, Norway, Denmark, and France
- Fourteen Eyes countries: The Nine Eyes plus Italy, Germany, Belgium, Sweden, and Spain
- Partners of the 14 Eyes: Israel, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, British Overseas Territories
It’s worth noting that although all countries in the Fourteen Eyes share information within their group, the Nine Eyes and Five Eyes are both more secretive.
While the Five Eyes are privy to the information collected by the Nine Eyes, Fourteen Eyes, and the partners, not all the information collected by the Five Eyes is available to the others. The same is true of the Nine Eyes. The partners, while they do share information they collect with the other alliances, do not have any access to the information collected by the alliances on alliance countries.
As the want for increased surveillance grows, more countries apparently align themselves with this global surveillance system. It seems that this system of alliances has a hierarchy of secrets.
What can the alliances do?
The alliances can collect and store your internet activity from your internet service provider (ISP), third-party surveillance, or activity trackers.
This data includes your IP address, browsing history, search history, phone calls, video calls, private messages, emails, and anything else that passes through your internet connection. Basically, if it’s sent via an internet connection, it can be tracked, recorded, and stored.
The Fourteen Eyes also have the ability to tap phone lines. In the U.S., this is legal under the Patriot Act, which was enacted after 9/11. There have been several attempts in recent years to restrict the access granted by the Patriot Act, but Congress has continually struck them down and allowed the surveillance to continue.
The U.S. isn’t the only country gathering information on everyday people. Although it’s technically illegal for Britain to spy on its citizens, it can ask Canada to do it for them as an FVEY country. That example extends to any of the alliance countries. This means that privacy laws can be moot if you live in one of these regions.
The Fourteen Eyes countries also have the power to gather information from your ISP through warrants or other judicial means. In some countries, such as the U.S., it may not even be necessary to obtain a warrant to gather your data.
If you want to avoid your ISP collecting what you transmit over the internet, you’ll need to use a VPN with a country of origin outside of the Fourteen Eyes.
Tips to protect your data online
- Data encryption via a VPN is a great way to help keep your sensitive data protected. But if the VPN is based in an alliance country, there’s still a chance your security can be compromised.
- VPN providers based in a Fourteen Eyes country can be legally required to hand over your internet activity if it’s requested by the surveillance team. So be sure to use a VPN that’s not based in an alliance country.
- In addition to a VPN, being aware of the sites you’re visiting and the amount of personal data you’re sharing is good internet hygiene. If a site looks spammy or fishy, it’s best to try to find what you’re looking for from a more reputable source.
- Knowing the country of origin is very important for the software you use. Many programs touted as protection come from places where the surveillance itself is happening. It’s crucial for a VPN’s potency to be located outside of the Fourteen Eyes.
VPNs outside the alliances
If you want to make sure you have a VPN that can’t be forced to share your data, find out where the software is made. Choosing a VPN from a country outside the alliances ensures your encrypted data stays private.
You’ll also need to make sure the VPN doesn’t keep logs of your internet activity. These logs can be compromised if their servers are ever breached. Below are some suggestions of paid service VPNs and their country of origin.
- NordVPN has a home base in Panama and contains extra features such as a kill switch if your VPN connection suddenly drops.
- Get NordVPN
- Read our NordVPN review
- Get PrivadoVPN
- Read our PrivadoVPN review
- Get CyberGhost VPN
- Read our CyberGhost VPN review
- Read our ProtonVPN review
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